Definition:
Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, summarizing and analysing raw data in order to obtain useful information for decision making.
Quantitative Variable:
Variable studied which can be measured or counted.
Qualitative Variable:
Non-numeric variable / numerical measurement is not possible.
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Range is the difference between the highest and lowest score (Range= ymin-ymax)
Sturge’s rule also can be used to determine the number of classes in a histogram or frequency distribution table.
Determine the class size (class interval). Generally the class size should be the same for all classes.
* THE FORMULAE FOR
- MEAN ,
- MODE
- MEDIAN
*THE FORMULAE FOR
- RANGE, r
- MEAN DEVIATION,
- VARIANCE, AND
- STANDARD DEVIATION,
(FOR UNGROUPED DATA)
*THE FORMULAE FOR
- VARIANCE, AND
- STANDARD DEVIATION,
(FOR GROUPED DATA)
*THE FORMULAE FOR
KARL PEARSON’S COEFFICIENT OF CORRELATION
*THE FORMULAE FOR
SPEARMAN’ S RANK COEFFICIENT OF CORRELATION
*THE FORMULAE FOR
THE LEAST SQUARE REGRESSION LINE
*THE FORMULAE FOR
Z- Score / Standard Normal Distribution (sample):
Pr(Event) = Number of successful outcomes/ Total number of possible outcomes
INDEPENDENT EVENT
Multiplication Rule:
P( A n B) = P (A) x P (B)
Non-Mutually Exclusive Events:
P (A u B) = P (A) + P (B) - P( A n B)
Mutually Exclusive Events:
P (A u B) = P(A) + P(B)
DEPENDENT EVENT (NON-INDEPENDENT EVENT)
P(A n B) = P(A) x P(B/A)
or
P(A n B) = P(B) x P(A/B)